TSS, also known as Toxic Shock Syndrome and Toxic Shock-like Syndrome, is a rare and sometimes fatal disease that is associated with the vaginal use of tampons during menstruation. It’s a serious disease caused by the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. The Streptococcus pyogenes involvement may have attributed to yet another nickname for TSS, Streptococcal Shock Syndrome.
Signs of TSS infection can vary. However, common signs include low blood pressure (i.e. Systolic
Since 96% of reported TSS infections reported in the past were found in women under the age of the 30 years old down to teen-aged girls, it is safe to say that minimal use of tampons is a good idea. Even Tampax recommends that women alternate their use of tampons with sanitary napkins. Furthermore, Tampax reports that the higher the absorbency, the higher the risk of developing TSS. In addition, the use of tampons should be avoided, in order to prevent the development of TSS infection. Another helpful hint for preventing TSS is to avoid wearing a tampon or sleeping with an inserted tampon for more than 8 consecutive hours.
In the past, the CDC provided details about TSS cases, such as incidences where race was reported. Among Blacks, Whites, Hispanics, Native Americans, and Asians, TSS was found most commonly in Whites at a rate of 97%.
Thankfully, TSS is treatable. However, treatment should be initiated as early as possible. Initially, an inserted tampon should be removed from the vagina. Once hospitalized, patients may receive IV fluids and antibiotics. Removal of abscesses and infected tissue may also be necessary.
If you or someone you know uses tampons during menstruation, seek medical attention from a licensed health care provider if any signs are present or if symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, or muscle ache occurs.
Learn more about TSS at www.tampax.com and http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000119.htm
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